Specialty structural engineering

Shoring and Support of Excavation Design

Temporary excavation support and permanent earth retention designed around neighboring structures, site access, and construction stages.

Wilshire Grand Record Mat Pour
Featured projectWilshire Grand Center

How it works

How shoring supports excavation and retained ground

Shoring engineering addresses the ground beside an excavation and, where required, the earth retained by the finished project. Temporary support holds the cut while foundations and basements are built. A permanent retaining element remains to carry earth loads after construction. Soldier piles and lagging, tiebacks, rakers, soil nails, and internal bracing are possible parts of the system, depending on the site and the assigned scope.

The arrangement can change around one excavation. Depth and ground conditions affect the wall and support levels, while a nearby tunnel, basement, or property boundary may rule out an anchor at one edge. The design also has to preserve routes for excavation equipment and leave space to build the permanent foundations.

Site conditions

Shoring design for deep excavations and permanent retained areas

A deep basement beside a street, existing wall, or transit facility can need different support on each side of the excavation. Cefali & Associates designs temporary excavation support and permanent earth retention where the finished project requires it. The wall, anchors, and braces must carry the site-specific loads while leaving room to build the foundations and basement.

Adjacent structures
Existing basements, streets, utilities, and transit facilities can limit wall movement and anchor locations.
Property lines and equipment access
Tieback rights, drilling access, equipment loads, and construction ramps can change the available systems.
Temporary or permanent use
Temporary shoring supports the cut while foundations and basements are built. A permanent retaining wall carries earth loads for the finished project and may also support excavation during construction, as at Glendale Community College.

Engineering services

Shoring engineering from support concept to structural details

A support concept for bidding, detailed structural drawings and calculations, and engineering for a construction-stage change can be different assignments. The proposal identifies the work included. Design uses the project geotechnical recommendations; installation and construction methods remain the contractor’s responsibility.

System options
The choice of soldier piles, tiebacks, soil nails, rakers, or internal bracing depends on the ground, surrounding structures, and room available to build.
Design coordination
The design brings together geotechnical criteria, structural loads, nearby improvements, and the support needed at each excavation stage.
Drawings and calculations
Detailed design sets out the wall, anchors, braces, and connections for the proposed work. Construction support can include engineering responses to field changes and contractor questions.

We agree the drawings, calculations, and support during construction with you in the proposal.

Design considerations

Space for anchors, braces, and construction

The space a shoring system needs can affect the basement layout and construction plan. Anchors extend behind the wall; internal braces occupy the excavation. An early concept shows where that support could fit.

Space beyond the wall
Tiebacks and soil nails extend into the ground behind a wall. Boundaries, easements, buried utilities, and adjacent foundations can make an internally supported system necessary.
Space inside the cut
Rakers and cross-lot braces avoid some off-site conflicts but occupy the excavation. Their locations must allow for digging, material handling, and the eventual foundation.
Support as construction progresses
Support may need to be installed or removed as the excavation advances. The design accounts for temporary loads and nearby structures until the permanent work can take over.

For a closer look at how excavation depth, access, and property limits affect a bid, read the Los Angeles deep-excavation guide.

In practice / Wilshire Grand Center

The design in practice.

At Wilshire Grand Center, phased demolition of an existing basement had to advance with the shoring installation. Soldier piles, tiebacks, preloaded rakers, and movement monitoring were coordinated near Metro tunnels and a deep tower excavation.

See the Wilshire Grand Center project
More project examples

The Grand

Related Companies hired Cefali to design the shored excavation at The Grand in Downtown Los Angeles. Short anchors kept the support clear of the active 2nd Street Tunnel. Along another edge, an existing retaining wall blocked drilling at some piles, so a multi-row waler system carried their loads to locations where tiebacks could be installed.

Glendale Community College

At Glendale Community College in Glendale, Cefali designed a permanent shoring wall to relieve earth pressure from a terraced hillside science building. The wall also held temporary excavation heights while drilled-pile foundations were built.

Before you begin

Common questions

How is a shoring system selected?

The engineer reviews excavation geometry, geotechnical recommendations, neighboring structures, property rights, and the construction sequence. Those inputs determine which systems are practical for the site.

Can one project use more than one retaining system?

Yes. Changes in depth, access, or nearby structures can call for different support methods along the same excavation. The Wilshire Grand project is one example.

What is the difference between temporary shoring and permanent earth retention?

Temporary shoring holds the excavation during construction. Permanent earth retention carries loads from the retained ground for the completed project. A wall can have both roles when designed for each stage, as at Glendale Community College.

What information is needed before choosing a system?

Excavation plans, geotechnical recommendations, and records of neighboring structures and utilities establish the site conditions. Property rights, equipment loads, and the contractor’s proposed sequence help determine which support systems can fit.

Discuss your project

Tell us what you are planning.

Send the drawings, reports, and site information you already have, along with your schedule and the work you need help with. You do not need a complete design package to get in touch.

  • Excavation plans and sections with proposed depths
  • Geotechnical report and available groundwater information
  • Survey, property limits, utility records, and adjacent foundation information
  • Construction sequence, access plan, and anticipated equipment loads
Send project information